Should the USA close the Southern Border

Monday, February 14, 2011

1 eth by land 18 by Sea

CBP U.S. Border Patrol Stops North County Maritime Smuggling Attempt
(Monday, February 14, 2011)

San Clemente, Calif. — Today, California National Guard troops supporting the U.S. Border Patrol assisted in the arrest of 18 Mexican nationals on the coastline of San Onofre State Park early this morning after they were smuggled into the country by boat.

At approximately 5:30 a.m., guardsmen assigned to pre-designated detection sites along the southern California coastline spotted a person on an oceanfront cliff in San Onofre State Park scanning the water with a flashlight. CNG observed a panga style boat travelling eastbound toward the shoreline, and alerted Border Patrol agents assigned to the north county Coastal Border Enforcement Team.

Agents observed several individuals disembark from the beached boat and run to the nearby cliffs. Agents responded and encountered a total of eighteen individuals hiding along the cliffs. The group of 14 males, one female, and three juvenile males were determined to be Mexican nationals who had entered the U.S. illegally.

The Mexican nationals were arrested and transported to a local Border Patrol station for processing and further investigation. Agents identified two of the arrested individuals as being responsible for the smuggling attempt. They are being held in federal custody pending prosecution for alien smuggling. The boat was seized by the U.S. Border Patrol.

Friday, February 11, 2011

Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth

 

February 10, 2011 | 0951 GMT

Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth

By Scott Stewart

For several years now, STRATFOR has been closely watching developments in Mexico that relate to what we consider the three wars being waged there. Those three wars are the war between the various drug cartels, the war between the government and the cartels and the war being waged against citizens and businesses by criminals.

In addition to watching tactical developments of the cartel wars on the ground and studying the dynamics of the conflict among the various warring factions, we have also been paying close attention to the ways that both the Mexican and U.S. governments have reacted to these developments. Perhaps one of the most interesting aspects to watch has been the way in which the Mexican government has tried to deflect responsibility for the cartel wars away from itself and onto the United States. According to the Mexican government, the cartel wars are not a result of corruption in Mexico or of economic and societal dynamics that leave many Mexicans marginalized and desperate to find a way to make a living. Instead, the cartel wars are due to the insatiable American appetite for narcotics and the endless stream of guns that flows from the United States into Mexico and that results in Mexican violence.

Interestingly, the part of this argument pertaining to guns has been adopted by many politicians and government officials in the United States in recent years. It has now become quite common to hear U.S. officials confidently assert that 90 percent of the weapons used by the Mexican drug cartels come from the United States. However, a close examination of the dynamics of the cartel wars in Mexico — and of how the oft-echoed 90 percent number was reached — clearly demonstrates that the number is more political rhetoric than empirical fact.

By the Numbers

As we discussed in a previous analysis, the 90 percent number was derived from a June 2009 U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) report to Congress on U.S. efforts to combat arms trafficking to Mexico (see external link).

According to the GAO report, some 30,000 firearms were seized from criminals by Mexican authorities in 2008. Of these 30,000 firearms, information pertaining to 7,200 of them (24 percent) was submitted to the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) for tracing. Of these 7,200 guns, only about 4,000 could be traced by the ATF, and of these 4,000, some 3,480 (87 percent) were shown to have come from the United States.

Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth

This means that the 87 percent figure relates to the number of weapons submitted by the Mexican government to the ATF that could be successfully traced and not from the total number of weapons seized by Mexican authorities or even from the total number of weapons submitted to the ATF for tracing. In fact, the 3,480 guns positively traced to the United States equals less than 12 percent of the total arms seized in Mexico in 2008 and less than 48 percent of all those submitted by the Mexican government to the ATF for tracing. This means that almost 90 percent of the guns seized in Mexico in 2008 were not traced back to the United States.

The remaining 22,800 firearms seized by Mexican authorities in 2008 were not traced for a variety of reasons. In addition to factors such as bureaucratic barriers and negligence, many of the weapons seized by Mexican authorities either do not bear serial numbers or have had their serial numbers altered or obliterated. It is also important to understand that the Mexican authorities simply don’t bother to submit some classes of weapons to the ATF for tracing. Such weapons include firearms they identify as coming from their own military or police forces, or guns that they can trace back themselves as being sold through the Mexican Defense Department’s Arms and Ammunition Marketing Division (UCAM). Likewise, they do not ask ATF to trace military ordnance from third countries like the South Korean fragmentation grenades commonly used in cartel attacks.

Of course, some or even many of the 22,800 firearms the Mexicans did not submit to ATF for tracing may have originated in the United States. But according to the figures presented by the GAO, there is no evidence to support the assertion that 90 percent of the guns used by the Mexican cartels come from the United States — especially when not even 50 percent of those that were submitted for tracing were ultimately found to be of U.S. origin.

This point leads us to consider the types of weapons being used by the Mexican cartels and where they come from.

Types and Sources of Guns

To gain an understanding of the dynamics of the gun flow inside Mexico, it helps if one divides the guns seized by Mexican authorities from criminals into three broad categories — which, incidentally, just happen to represent three different sources.

Type 1: Guns Legally Available in Mexico

The first category of weapons encountered in Mexico is weapons available legally for sale in Mexico through UCAM. These include handguns smaller than a .357 magnum such as .380 and .38 Special.

A large portion of this first type of guns used by criminals is purchased in Mexico, or stolen from their legitimate owners. While UCAM does have very strict regulations for civilians to purchase guns, criminals will use straw purchasers to obtain firearms from UCAM or obtain them from corrupt officials. Cartel hit men in Mexico commonly use .380 pistols equipped with sound suppressors in their assassinations. In many cases, these pistols are purchased in Mexico, the suppressors are locally manufactured and the guns are adapted to receive the suppressors by Mexican gunsmiths.

It must be noted, though, that because of the cost and hassle of purchasing guns in Mexico, many of the guns in this category are purchased in the United States and smuggled into the country. There are a lot of cheap guns available on the U.S. market, and they can be sold at a premium in Mexico. Indeed, guns in this category, such as .380 pistols and .22-caliber rifles and pistols, are among the guns most commonly traced back to the United States. Still, the numbers do not indicate that 90 percent of guns in this category come from the United States.

Additionally, most of the explosives the cartels have been using in improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Mexico over the past year have used commercially available Tovex, so we consider these explosives to fall in this first category. Mexican IEDs are another area where the rhetoric has been interesting to analyze, but we will explore this topic another time.

Type 2: Guns Legally Available in the U.S. but Not in Mexico

Many popular handgun calibers, such as 9 mm, .45 and .40, are reserved for the military and police and are not available for sale to civilians in Mexico. These guns, which are legally sold and very popular in the United States, comprise our second category, which also includes .50-caliber rifles, semiautomatic versions of assault rifles like the AK-47 and M16 and the FN Five-Seven pistol.

When we consider this second type of guns, a large number of them encountered in Mexico are likely purchased in the United States. Indeed, the GAO report notes that many of the guns most commonly traced back to the United States fall into this category. There are also many .45-caliber and 9 mm semiautomatic pistols and .357 revolvers obtained from deserters from the Mexican military and police, purchased from corrupt Mexican authorities or even brought in from South America (guns made by manufacturers such as Taurus and Bersa). This category also includes semiautomatic variants of assault rifles and main battle rifles, which are often converted by Mexican gunsmiths to be capable of fully automatic fire.

One can buy these types of weapons on the international arms market, but one pays a premium for such guns and it is cheaper and easier to simply buy them in the United States or South America and smuggle them into Mexico. In fact, there is an entire cottage industry that has developed to smuggle such weapons, and not all the customers are cartel hit men. There are many Mexican citizens who own guns in calibers such as .45, 9 mm, .40 and .44 magnum for self-defense — even though such guns are illegal in Mexico.

Type 3: Guns Not Available for Civilian Purchase in Mexico or the U.S.

The third category of weapons encountered in Mexico is military grade ordnance not generally available for sale in the United States or Mexico. This category includes hand grenades, 40 mm grenades, rocket-propelled grenades, automatic assault rifles and main battle rifles and light machine guns.

This third type of weapon is fairly difficult and very expensive to obtain in the United States (especially in the large numbers in which the cartels are employing them). They are also dangerous to obtain in the United States due to heavy law-enforcement scrutiny. Therefore, most of the military ordnance used by the Mexican cartels comes from other sources, such as the international arms market (increasingly from China via the same networks that furnish precursor chemicals for narcotics manufacturing), or from corrupt elements in the Mexican military or even deserters who take their weapons with them. Besides, items such as South Korean fragmentation grenades and RPG-7s, often used by the cartels, simply are not in the U.S. arsenal. This means that very few of the weapons in this category come from the United States.

In recent years the cartels (especially their enforcer groups such as Los Zetas, Gente Nueva and La Linea) have been increasingly using military weaponry instead of sporting arms. A close examination of the arms seized from the enforcer groups and their training camps clearly demonstrates this trend toward military ordnance, including many weapons not readily available in the United States. Some of these seizures have included M60 machine guns and hundreds of 40 mm grenades obtained from the military arsenals of countries like Guatemala.

But Guatemala is not the only source of such weapons. Latin America is awash in weapons that were shipped there over the past several decades to supply the various insurgencies and counterinsurgencies in the region. When these military-grade weapons are combined with the rampant corruption in the region, they quickly find their way into the black arms market. The Mexican cartels have supply-chain contacts that help move narcotics to Mexico from South America and they are able to use this same network to obtain guns from the black market in South and Central America and then smuggle them into Mexico. While there are many weapons in this category that were manufactured in the United States, the overwhelming majority of the U.S.-manufactured weapons of this third type encountered in Mexico — like LAW rockets and M60 machine guns — come into Mexico from third countries and not directly from the United States.

There are also some cases of overlap between classes of weapons. For example, the FN Five-Seven pistol is available for commercial purchase in the United States, but the 5.7x28 armor-piercing ammunition for the pistol favored by the cartels is not — it is a restricted item. However, some of the special operations forces units in the Mexican military are issued the Five-Seven as well as the FN P90 personal defense weapon, which also shoots the 5.7x28 round, and the cartels are obtaining some of these weapons and the armor-piercing ammunition from them and not from the United States. Conversely, we see bulk 5.56 mm and 7.62 mm ammunition bought in the United States and smuggled into Mexico, where it is used in fully-automatic AK-47s and M16s purchased elsewhere. As noted above, China has become an increasingly common source for military weapons like grenades and fully automatic assault rifles in recent years.

To really understand Mexico’s gun problem, however, it is necessary to recognize that the same economic law of supply and demand that fuels drug smuggling into the United States also fuels gun smuggling into Mexico. Black-market guns in Mexico can fetch up to 300 percent of their normal purchase price — a profit margin rivaling the narcotics the cartels sell. Even if it were somehow possible to hermetically seal the U.S.-Mexico border and shut off all the guns coming from the United States, the cartels would still be able to obtain weapons elsewhere — just as narcotics would continue to flow into the United States from other places. The United States does provide cheap and easy access to certain types of weapons and ammunition, but as demonstrated by groups such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, weapons can be easily obtained from other sources via the black arms market — albeit at a higher price.

There has clearly been a long and well-documented history of arms smuggling across the U.S.-Mexico border, but it is important to recognize that, while the United States is a significant source of certain classes of weapons and ammunition, it is by no means the source of 90 percent of the weapons used by the Mexican cartels, as is commonly asserted.

Read more: Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth | STRATFOR

"Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth is republished with permission of STRATFOR."
Read more: Mexico's Gun Supply and the 90 Percent Myth | STRATFOR

Tuesday, February 8, 2011

Drug smugglers caught on tape 35 miles north of U.S. border

 

  • February 7th, 2011 8:51 am PT

A weekend video clip posted by Arizona Border Defenders shows six drug cartel mules (lackeys that transport drug-laden backpacks) carrying loads of marijuana more than 35 miles north of the U.S./Mexico border.

 

Arizona Border Defenders is a patriot group dedicated to exposing the porous southern borders by using hidden video cams throughout the region in order to document the hoards of illegal traffic flowing north into the country.

While a great many of these illegal aliens are seeking a better life for themselves or their family, drug cartels are also using the smuggling routes to transport drugs often making for a dangerous trek.

There are several reports of illegal aliens being robbed, beaten or raped by desert bandits preying on unsuspecting migrants who are walking through the harsh terrain.

The brief hidden camera video clip points to the risky side of passing through the desert at night. Many of these drug smugglers will use violence if anyone threatens their ability to transport their illicit drugs to a hungry U.S. consumer.

These well-placed hidden cameras provide a birds-eye view of just how dangerous the southern-border region remains and prove America’s borders remain unsecure.

Thanks to the Arizona Border Defenders for this great Video

 

Continue reading on Examiner.com: Drug smugglers caught on tape 35 miles north of U.S. border - San Diego County Political Buzz | Examiner.com http://www.examiner.com/county-political-buzz-in-san-diego/drug-smugglers-caught-on-tape-35-miles-north-of-u-s-border#ixzz1DOYeDgr8

Border Patrol snares 31 illegal aliens along San Diego coastline

 

  • February 7th, 2011 7:33 pm PT

U.S. Border Patrol agents arrested 31 illegal aliens yesterday who tried to unlawfully enter the country aboard small, panga-style boats off the San Diego coastline.

Just after midnight, Border Patrol agents, working in conjunction with CBP Air and Marine Branch, spotted a panga boat cross the U.S. international boundary and travel north along the California coast.

The vessel came ashore near the mouth of the Tijuana River, several individuals disembarked and then the boat quickly returned south towards Mexico.  Border Patrol agents wasted no time and apprehended 14 individuals and placed them under arrest for unlawfully entering the United States.

According to CBP, two female and 11 male Mexican nationals as well as one male Honduran national were transported to a local Border Patrol station for processing.

“A second maritime smuggling attempt was intercepted this morning near Camp Pendleton, California. At approximately 2:50 a.m., Border Patrol agents observed a panga-style boat approach the shoreline near Red Beach. Several individuals jumped out of the boat and headed toward cliffs east of the shoreline,” a CBP statement read.

Border Patrol agents quickly responded to the scene and arrested 17 individuals who all claimed to be Mexican nationals illegally entering the United States. Agents transported 13 males and 4 females to a local Border Patrol Station for processing.

However the boat absconded back toward Mexico, before agents could reach the location.

With the deployment of the National Guard along the California coast, CBP and Border Patrol have been able to hone their nighttime observation skills and been able to foil many daring maritime entries into America along the Southern California coast.

For more stories; http://www.examiner.com/county-political-buzz-in-san-diego/kimberly-dvorak

Continue reading on Examiner.com: http://www.examiner.com/county-political-buzz-in-san-diego/border-patrol-snares-31-illegal-aliens-along-san-diego-coastline#ixzz1DOWfNJZ3